Preface: 9th World Multidisciplinary Congress on Earth and Environmental Sciences (WMCEES 2025)

It is our great pleasure to present the 9th World Multidisciplinary Congress on Earth and Environmental Sciences (WMCEES 2025), taking place in the city of Ostrava, Czech Republic, from 8 to 12 September 2025. This volume, published within “Inżynieria Mineralna, Journal of the Polish Mineral Engineering Society”, captures the spirit of a distinguished international meeting that continues to stand for innovation, collaboration, and excellence in the field of Earth Sciences. WMCEES 2025 aims to offer a dynamic and inclusive environment for the presentation of the latest discoveries, research developments, and technological innovations in Earth Sciences. The congress encourages active scientific dialogue and the building of lasting partnerships among experts from a wide range of disciplines. It also welcomes the contribution of early-career researchers, providing them with valuable opportunities to share their work, exchange ideas, and connect with leading professionals in an atmosphere of openness and mutual learning. Now in its ninth annual edition, WMCEES continues to fulfill its mission of advancing multidisciplinary research in Earth Sciences and strengthening collaboration among scientists worldwide. The 2025 congress stands as a testament to the diversity of studies presented, highlighting recent findings and capturing new perspectives on the functioning of Earth systems and humanity’s place within them. Our sincere appreciation goes to the distinguished members of the Scientific Committee and the Institutional Scientific Partners of WMCEES 2025. Selected from respected and accomplished experts representing many countries, their knowledge, dedication, and guidance have been essential in shaping the scientific quality and overall success of this congress. All objectives of WMCEES 2025 have been successfully achieved, resulting in the publication of 48 peer-reviewed articles that reflect the diversity and depth of research presented during the congress. We sincerely thank all reviewers for their careful work and commitment, which ensured the high scientific standard of every contribution included in this volume. We extend special thanks to the sponsors of WMCEES 2025, with the main sponsors LAMA Energy and LAMA Solar. We also gratefully acknowledge the contribution of 3GON Positioning, TINES, Ostrava Info, and Sevcik Transport, whose cooperation and support have been instrumental in the realization and success of this congress. Our sincere appreciation goes to all participants from different countries whose enthusiasm and contributions have enriched WMCEES 2025. Their active involvement and exchange of ideas created a truly international atmosphere of collaboration and discovery. We also wish to acknowledge the dedication of the WMCEES 2025 organizing team, whose commitment and professionalism were essential to the success of the event. As editors of WMCEES 2025, we would like to convey our deepest gratitude to everyone who contributed to the preparation and realization of this congress. It is our honor to present these proceedings as a reflection of the continuing mission of WMCEES to advance multidisciplinary knowledge and innovation in Earth Sciences.