Study on the Diagnostic Value of Two dsDNA Antibodies in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Objective: This study investigates the relationship between serum dsDNA antibody levels and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Design: Collect SLE and control group specimens, detect double stranded DNA antibodies using ELISA and CLIA respectively, and compare their diagnostic value. Place & duration of study: Conducted at the Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China, from October 2024 to March 2025. Method: Serum samples from 115 SLE patients and 56 healthy individuals were collected from October 20th 2024 to March 30th 2025.Anti-dsDNA antibodies were identified through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the EUROIMMUN Anti-dsDNA-NcX kit and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) with the Shenzhen Yahuilong system.The diagnostic value of both methods was compared by analyzing detection rates and correlation with disease activity. Result: In a study of 115 SLE patients, the detection rate of anti-dsDNA NCX in serum was 79.13%, significantly higher by 73.04% compared to anti-dsDNA CLIA (χ²=1.171, P>0.05).Serum anti-dsDNA NCX antibody levels showed a strong positive correlation with SLE severity (r=0.788, P=0.000).At an anti-dsDNA NCX antibody level of 103.57 IU/ml, the area under the curve is 0.918, with a sensitivity of 79.1% and specificity of 96.2%. The expression level of anti-dsDNA NCX antibodies, undetectable by anti-dsDNA CLIA in SLE patients' serum, was 32.26% (P<0.05).Conclusion: Anti-dsDNA NCX antibodies demonstrate a higher positive detection rate for SLE compared to anti-dsDNA CLIA, particularly in cases where anti-dsDNA CLIA results are negative, underscoring their clinical importance.This study provides a new method for the early diagnosis of SLE.