Prevalence and Determinants of Intimate Partner Violence Among Antenatal Care Attendees in Case of Adama Hospital Medical College

Abstract Background: Intimate partner violence is one of the most common forms of violence against women and includes physical, sexual and emotional abuse and controlling behaviors by an intimate partner. Objective: To assess prevalence and determinants of intimate partner violence among ANC attendees in Adama Hospital Medical College in Adama, Shewa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from January 01, 2022 to March 15; 2022.A total of 409 pregnant women attending ANC at Adama Hospital Medical College was included in the study by systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using structured interview-administered questionnaire. Then data were entered and analyzed by SPSS version 22. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were done to identify factors associated with intimate partner violence at a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered to declare significance of association. Result: The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence during current pregnancy was 167 (40.8%) (95%CI: 36.2–45.7). Psychological/emotional violence (39.9%) was the most common followed by sexual (34.7%), Economic violence (34.7%), Physical (23.2%) and controlling behavior violence (22.4%). The proportion of overlap in all five type of violence accounts 28(6.8%), overlap in three (physical, sexual and psychological violence) were 72(17.6%) and overlap in two commonest sexual and psychological violence accounts 115(28.1%). (Among several possible factors: age of women above years 36 years [AOR]: 1.9(1.05, 3.392)], Being rural residence [AOR]: 5.5(2.96, 10.02)], partner Having another partner or wife [AOR]: 3.4(1.64, 7.1)] and undesired pregnancy [AOR]:13.7(5.79, 32.3)] were determinants of IPV. Conclusion and Recommendation: This study determined intimate partner violence was high (40.8%) and also this study identified that overlap by at least two types violence among these population were 28.1%.Among several possible factors: being rural residence, partner having another partner or wife and undesired pregnancy were determinants of IPV.Therefore; Addressing gender inequitable norms, the culture of silence (support) to IPV in the community and women’s reproductive health information through intervention measures are very important to minimize the problem.