A safety profile of Siddha formulation Karisalai Chooranam in Wistar albino rats

Introduction and Aim: Karisalai Chooranam (KSC) is used in the traditional Siddha system of medicine for a long time to treat various ailments in the body. Its antistress and antioxidant properties were reported earlier. Investigating the acute and long-term toxicity of Karisalai Chooranam in Wistar albino rats was the goal of the current study.   Materials and Methods: For the acute toxicity investigation, Wistar rats were divided into four groups. For fourteen days, the animals were monitored for behavioural changes and toxicological complaints. For ninety days, a total of four categories of animal groups like control, forty mg/kg body weight, two hundred mg/kg body weight and thousand mg/kg body weight were utilized in a long - term toxicity study. The samples of blood were taken on the final day of the trial for biochemical and haematological examination. Animals were sacrificed for monitoring gross necropsy changes and histopathological examination of the liver, kidney and brain.   Results: There was no morbidity or death observed in the acute toxicity trial. In the research of long - term toxicity. KSC's haematological and biochemical parameters during analysis did not exhibit any appreciable changes. All the three doses of KSC, the renal and brain histology displayed normal architecture. When the medicine was given to the forty milligram and two hundred milligram dosage groups of animals for 90 days, no toxicity symptoms were present in the case of organ liver. After the medicine was given for 90 days to the thousand milligram dosage group, toxic signs such as programmed and localized cell death became apparent.   Conclusion: Toxicity studies proved the safety of KSC in animal models. If KSC is utilized clinically as prescribed in literature, it will not cause any adverse effects.