Incidence and Its Predicators of Neonatal Jaundice Among Admitted Neonates at Ameya Primary Hospital, South West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, 2025

<i>Introduction: </i>Newborn jaundice looks in most neonates as “physiological jaundice” in the first limited weeks of life; nevertheless, pathological jaundice is linked with an enlarged hazard of long-term difficulties and death. Only a limited investigation has been done on the predictors of newborn jaundice in Ethiopia. The objective of this investigation was to distinguish the predictors of newborn jaundice among neonates admitted to Ameya primary hospitals. <i>Objectives: </i>To evaluate incidence and its predicators of Neonatal Jaundice amongst Admitted Neonates at Ameya Primary Hospital, South West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, 2025. <i>Methods: </i>An institutional-based; Retrospective follow-up research design was conducted amongst 414 of neonates. Simple random sampling methods was used to choose study participants. Epidata version 4.62 was used for data entry then exported to STATA version 14.1. Study variables with p-values < 0.25 were moved to multivariable Cox regression models. Adjusted odd ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated, and the p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant in the multivariable model. The findings were stated using text, table and graphs.<i> Results: </i>A data were gathered from 414 and 407 neonates had completed information giving the response rate of 98.3%. The total incidence rate of jaundice among neonates was 20.12 per 1000 person-days (95% CI: 15.33-26.41). Male neonates 2.43 [AHR= 2.43; 95% CI (1.21-4.89, 37-42 weeks of gestational age was 2.8 [AHR = 2.8; 95% CI (1.47-5.36], premature rapture of membrane (PROM) was 2.33 [AHR= 2.33; 95% CI (1.27-4.28)], duration of labor 2.44 [AHR = 2.44; 95% CI (1.275-4.67)] labor onset 3.25 [AHR = 3.25; 95% CI (1.68-6.28)] were predictors. <i>Conclusion and Recommendation: </i>The incidence of jaundice was relatively high in current study than the result of the prior one. Male neonates, prolonged duration of labor, gestational age, premature rapture of membrane (PROM) and labor onset were the significant predictors. Henceforth, an effort has to be considered to reduce the incidence of newborn jaundice via enlightening newborn care and timely interfering meant for neonates with premature rapture of membrane and birth at a elongated period of time as well as the newborn born from induced labor.