Hypertriglyceridemia induced acute pancreatitis and efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange

Acute pancreatitis is a condition in which the pancreas becomes inflamed suddenly within a short period of time. Typically, this condition lasts less than 6 weeks, with most cases resolving within 1-2 weeks. The major causes of acute pancreatitis are ethanol, gallstones, and hypertriglyceridemia. Acute pancreatitis that is caused by hypertriglyceridemia can be severe and life-threatening. Compared to other causes of pancreatitis, studies have shown that the acute pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia is more serious and can lead to recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, eventually leading to chronic pancreatitis. Here, we report a clinical experience with a patient of high triglyceride induced pancreatitis. He was treated with two sessions of Therapeutic Plasma exchange along with intravenous insulin, statins, and fibrates. In recent times, plasmapheresis has been used to treat severe cases of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis with success. Early initiation, along with appropriate supportive measures, may lead to favourable outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. However, further research is needed to determine the exact role and timing of plasmapheresis in managing acute pancreatitis caused by hypertriglyceridemia. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2024; 12 (1): 58-61