Gräber - Wege - Pfalzen

As the federal government established reservations across the American West, Protestant leaders argued that they were best suited to run them. Quakers, especially, claimed that Ame...

Tensions on the plains increased as Americans, including Quaker reservation officials, put more pressures and restrictions on Kiowas and other Native peoples. Indians experienced h...

In 1803, Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory and brought Kiowa lands under the authority of the United States. Over the next 30 years, the federal government worked ...

With allotment legislation passed, American Protestants vigorously campaigned for the dissolution of reservations and tribal governments. They also amplified their efforts to “civi...