Recycling, Ferrous Metals

Abstract Makar, Harry V. (Consultant). Ferrous scrap recycling is a principal worldwide activity. Annual consumption and exports in the United States total ∼80 million metric tons. The primary consumers of ferrous scrap are steel mills and iron and steel foundries. These depend on scrap for a large fraction of their iron‐based raw materials. The steel industry consumes about 75% and iron and steel foundries consume most of the rest. The several sources and types or grades of ferrous scrap are presented including descriptions of supply, demand, exports, and prices. Concerns about residual elements from both environmental and product quality point of view are discussed. Standards and environmental regulations are reported. Recycling of ferrous scrap is dependent on iron and steel industry processes and demands. Low residual scrap is preferred. Vol. 20, pp. 1092–1106, 37 refs. to June 1995.