Study of clinical profile and outcome in pregnancy related acute kidney injury

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a sudden decrease in glomerular filtration rate leading to decreased excretion of nitrogenous waste like urea, creatinine and other uremic toxin. Even minor changes in serum creatinine are associated with increased in-patient mortality. To study various etiological factors responsible for AKI to do better management of condition for prevention of adverse effects on maternal and fatal outcome. To study outcome of disease in form of recovery, morbidity and mortality. To record maternal and foetal outcome. Methods: A prospective, observational study of 50 patients conducted at department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Medical College Baroda and Sir Sayajirao General Hospital from the time period of 1 year. Results: There was no significant association of initial serum creatinine with maternal outcome. However, there was significant association of last serum creatinine and Percentage Improvement in serum creatinine with maternal outcome as last serum creatinine was significantly lowest in completely recovered patients as compared to dead and discharged on request patients and percentage Improvement in serum creatinine was significantly high in completely recovered patients as compared to dead and discharged on request patients. There was no significant association of initial and last serum creatinine with fetal outcome; however, percentage improvement in serum creatinine was significantly high in alive fetuses as compared to aborted, dead and undelivered fetuses. Conclusions: Pregnancy-related AKI is a common medical problem and understanding its association with various etiopathologies has significant impacts on maternal and fetal outcome.