Proust and the Amorous Fountain

This chapter takes as its point of departure a curious scene in Sodom and Gomorrah in which a fountain maliciously drenches a society lady, almost raping her in the sight of a bluff, guffawing Grand Duke. Critics have long pondered the significance of the incident. So far, no one has suggested as a possible influence the title of Machaut’s La Fonteinne Amoureuse, an edition of which appeared in Paris in 1908 just as Marcel Proust was beginning work on the texts that developed into In Search of Lost Time. While this hypothesis cannot be proved beyond all doubt, one cannot fail to be struck by a number of similarities between the Proust and Machaut texts: both feature insomniac first-person narrators who produce self-fertilizing narratives displaying a high degree of reflexivity. Both narrators must overcome modest backgrounds as they seek to rise in society. The chapter suggests that Proust, intrigued by the idea of an “amorous” fountain, half-remembered and literalized it—but then occluded the fascinating source, inhibited by a complicated nexus of feelings involving his gay, half-Jewish identity, his addiction to onanism, Machaut’s occasionally anti-semitic diatribes and the rampant anti-semitism of Paris society in the Dreyfus era.