Krishi Vigyan Kendra: a frontline ICAR organisation and its constraints

Abstract Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) play a pivotal role in connecting agricultural research and the farming community in India. Yet, KVK employees face serious challenges that affect their efficiency and morale. Key issues include significant staffing shortages, with reports indicating a 30% vacancy rate, which impairs KVK operations. Disparities in pay between ICAR and non-ICAR KVKs foster dissatisfaction among staff, leading to protests advocating for equitable compensation and transparent pension contributions. Additionally, unequal service conditions limit career advancement, particularly for those in non-ICAR institutions, resulting in varied promotional opportunities and recognition standards. Funding limitations further hinder KVK operations, with inadequate resources affecting training, infrastructure, and farmer engagement. The excessive administrative workload distracts staff from essential fieldwork, while gaps in training and technological resources impede effective extension services. Local political pressures complicate operations, as staff encounter pressures to prioritize certain communities, compromising neutrality. Psychological strain from demanding conditions contributes to low morale and job instability, especially in non-governmental organizations. Gender issues also persist, impacting female extension agents' mobility and the adequacy of support for women farmers. Ultimately, these systemic challenges detract from KVK’s mission to provide reliable services, adversely affecting program outcomes and eroding farmer confidence in agricultural extension efforts. Key Words: Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pay disparity, Staff shortage, funding limitations