Stochastic forms of functional isoperimetric inequalities

The Brunn-Minkowski and Prekopa-Leindler inequalities admit a variety of proofs that are inspired by convexity. Nevertheless, the former holds for compact sets and the latter for integrable functions, so it seems that convexity has no special significance. On the other hand, it was recently shown that the Brunn-Minkowski inequality, specialized to convex sets, follows from a local stochastic dominance for naturally associated random polytopes. In addition, a number of other geometric inequalities for convex sets arising from Brunn's concavity principle have recently been shown to yield local stochastic formulations, e.g., the Blaschke-Santalo inequality. In the first part of this dissertation, we study reverse inequalities for functionals of polar convex bodies invariant under the general linear group. We strengthen planar isoperimetric inequalities; we do that by attaching a stochastic model to some classical ones, such as Mahler's Theorem, and a reverse Lutwak-Zhang inequality, for the polar of L[subscript p] centroid bodies. In particular, we obtain the dual counterpart to a result of Bisztriczky-Boroczky. For the rest of the dissertation, we initiate a systematic study of stochastic isoperimetric inequalities for random functions. We show that for the subclass of log-concave functions and associated stochastic approximations, a similar stochastic dominance underlies the Prekopa-Leindler inequality. Ultimately, we extend the latter result by developing stochastic geometry of s-concave functions. In this way, we establish local versions of dimensional forms of Brunn's principle a la Borell, Brascamp-Lieb, and Rinott. To do so, we define shadow systems of sconcave functions and revisit Rinott's approach in the context of multiple integral rearrangement inequalities.