Short-term outcomes of one-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty in young patients (< 30 years old)

Total hip arthroplasty is one of the best treatments for restoring function and activity in young patients with advanced joint diseases. One-Stage Bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty (BTHA) offers many advantages, which are important to younger patients and diminished costs and time in comparison with sequential THA. There is currently much concern about the safety of this procedure. The current study was designed to provide more information regarding THA in patients aged 30 years old or younger. Between April 2010 and September 2015, arthroplasty procedures were performed on 180 patients at the surgical centers of Erfan and Milad, Tehran, Iran. The patients that were entered in the study included those with bilateral hip involvement of Avascular Necrosis (AVN), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA), Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE), and Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH). The patients underwent one-stage bilateral total hip arthroplasties through the direct lateral approach. Standardized questionnaires were used to obtain mean Postel-Merle d’Aubigné (PMA) score, Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score, and Modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS), both preoperatively and post-operatively to evaluate functional outcomes. All patients were in the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) category 1 or 2. All complications were followed closely for a period of 4.67±0.54 years. From 141 males and 39 females, 84 patients had been recognized as ASA 1, and 96 as ASA 2. Mean age of patients was 27.04±2.74 years old (range: 16 to 30). The mean operation time and the average length of hospital stay were 156±23 minutes and 5.20±2.44 days, respectively. Overall, 3 patients developed unilateral temporary peroneal nerve palsy (1.66%), 2 intraoperative fracture (1.11%), and 2 patients (1.11%) showed deep vein thrombosis. There was no wound infection. Regarding the functional scores in the diagnosis of patients, improvement was better in AVN than, RA, JRA, SCFE, and DDH, respectively. There were significant differences between diagnosis and every functional score, individually (P<0.05). The current results showed that one-stage bilateral THA led to improvement in hip function and stable implant fixation at short to midterm follow up, which suggests the efficacy of one-stage cementless THA in bilateral advanced arthritis in patients younger than 30 years old.