Histopathological Spectrum of Testicular Tumors in a Tertiary Care Centre

Background Testicular tumors are rare type of tumors affecting adolescents and young adults. However, in many western countries, its incidence has been increasing. These tumors contribute for 1–2% of all malignant tumors and most malignancy in men in the age-group of 15–25 years. This study was undertaken to analyse the histopathological pattern of testicular tumors at the tertiary level hospital in Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh highlighting pathological findings, diagnostic evaluation and laterality. Objective The purpose of the study was to analyse the histopathological pattern, age-wise distribution and laterality of testicular tumors. Materials and Method This one year study was performed in the Department of Pathology, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, India from January 2018 to December 2018. For the study, the orchidectomy specimens received in Pathology department were subjected to routine histopathological processing followed by a detailed gross and microscopic examination. Tumor typing and subtyping were done according to WHO classification (2004). Results A total of 12 cases of testicular tumors were included in the present study. Out of these 12 cases, right testis was affected in 58.4% of cases whereas left testis was affected in 41.6% cases. Germ cell tumor was the most common type accounting for 91.5% of tumors followed by Sex cord stromal tumor (8.5%). Most tumors were seen between the age-group of 21–30 years. Conclusion Testicular tumors are uncommon in our population. Study of testicular tumor is important for pathologist because grossly identifiable benign pathology may harbour focus of malignancy. At the end, we conclude that despite new technique in imaging and tumour marker assay, the diagnosis of testicular tumor is dependent on HPE only.