Association Between VEGF Levels and Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Hemodialysis Patients: A Descriptive-Analytical Study on Related Variables

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a critical complication in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and may lead to right heart failure. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key mediator of angiogenesis and endo thelial function, has been implicated in PAH pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum VEGF levels and other clinical variables with PAH in HD patients. Methods: This study involved 76 patients from 3 HD centers. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was assessed using Doppler echocardiography, and serum VEGF levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Patients were categorized into two groups: normal PAP (<30 mmHg) and PAH (≥30 mmHg). Pulmonary arterial hypertension severity was further classified as mild, moderate, or severe. Statistical analyses, including proportional tests and regression models, were used to compare variables across groups. Results: No significant correlation was observed between VEGF levels and PAH (P = .5237). However, hemoglobin (Hb levels showed a significant association with PAH (P = .045). Systolic blood pressure (BP) was identified as a potential factor influencing PAH severity (P = .009). Conclusion: While VEGF does not appear to directly influence PAH severity, other factors such as lower hemoglobin levels and higher systolic BP may contribute to the risk and progression of PAH in HD patients. These findings highlight the mul tifactorial nature of PAH in this population and underscore the need for further research to identify additional risk factors and therapeutic targets.   Cite this article as: Saeed M, Saber A, Mohammadi-Jorjafki SM, Ghanean G. Association between VEGF levels and pulmonary artery pressure in hemodialysis patients: A descriptive-analytical study on related variables. Turk J Nephrol. 2026;35(1):62-66.