The level of superoxide dismutase and catalase in acyanotic congenital heart disease children with heart failur

Background: The most common complication in acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) is heart failure which definitive diagnosis and therapy remain unsatisfactory. Heart failure’s progression is often associated with oxidative stress process. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line antioxidant of defense against superoxide anion. While Catalase (CAT) breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen molecules which complements previous detoxification carried out by SOD. Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences of SOD and CAT levels in acyanotic CHD patients between those with and without heart failure. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on three to ten years old children with a left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD with and without heart failure in the Pediatric Cardiology outpatient clinic, ward, and emergency room of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from April-July 2020. Echocardiography was used to establish the diagnosis of CHD, while Pediatric Heart Failure Score (PHFS) criteria was used to indicate heart failure. T-test was undertaken for analysing the difference between both groups. Results: The total samples were 41 children, consisted of 29 subjects in the case group (CHD with heart failure) and 12 subjects in the control group (without heart failure). The level of SOD in CHD with heart failure was lower (74.670+15.705) than those without it (109.163+3.111) (p<0.05). In contrast, level of CAT in CHD with heart failure was higher (25.895) than those without it (13.976) (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference of SOD and CAT levels in acyanotic CHD between those with and without heart failure.