Erectile dysfunction in young men in Nairobi County, Kenya: A community-based study

Abstract Erectile dysfunction is commonly perceived as a condition of older men, yet increasing evidence suggests that it also affects younger populations. Data on erectile dysfunction among young men in sub-Saharan Africa remain limited, particularly at the community level. This study assessed the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among young men in Nairobi County and examined associated sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 355 sexually active men aged 18 to 35 years recruited from public service centres across Nairobi. Erectile function was assessed using a validated questionnaire, alongside measures of mental health, physical activity, medical history, and use of sexual enhancement products. Statistical analysis was used to estimate prevalence and identify factors associated with erectile dysfunction. The mean age of participants was 27.4 years. Erectile dysfunction was identified in 10.4 per cent of respondents. Symptoms of depression or anxiety were strongly associated with erectile dysfunction, as was lack of regular physical exercise. Increasing age within the study range was also associated with higher odds of erectile dysfunction. Hypertension showed a strong but inconsistent association, reflecting its low prevalence in this young population. A small but significant percentage of participants indicated the non-prescription use of sexual enhancers or erectile dysfunction medications, predominantly among those exhibiting symptoms. About one in ten young men in Nairobi suffer from erectile dysfunction, which is closely associated with psychological distress and physical inactivity. These findings highlight the necessity of incorporating sexual health, mental health screenings, and lifestyle interventions into health services for young men to address unsafe self-medication practices.