Study of tidal phase effect on storm surge in the Tieshan Bay, China

Abstract Tieshan Bay, located in the South China Sea, is a narrow semi-enclosed bay that experiences severe storm surge disasters annually. Observational data and numerical studies indicate that tides exert a significant influence on the peak level of storm surges. Based on the MIKE (Modeling Environment for Water Resources) numerical model and the parameters of Typhoon Vipa, multiple numerical experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of storm surge levels during the interaction between storm surges and different astronomical tidal phases. Altering the astronomical tide phase during a typhoon has a certain impact on the fluctuations of storm surge water levels, but it does not significantly affect the time period when these fluctuations occur. The combination of astronomical tides in different phases with a typhoon can lead to varying degrees of water level rise, resulting in an increase of up to 35.4% in the maximum storm surge within Tieshan Bay. This study holds great value for research on coastal disaster prevention and mitigation.