The Connection between Nature and Culture: An Analysis of the Selected Rituals and Traditions of Odisha from the Perspectives of Ecocriticism and Cultural Ecology

Background Odisha, the state of rich cultural heritage observes many rituals, traditions and festivals. These rituals often depict the connection between humans, their culture and natural environment. The research aims at exploring the selected rituals and traditions of Odisha such as Nuakhai, Bakula Amavasya, Makar Sankranti etc, to establish their connection with nature. The research paper also discusses how these festivals align with the principles of ecocriticism and cultural ecology. Method The information on the origin, practices in the rituals, ways of celebration, significance of the selected rituals and traditions have been drawn from the experiences of the two authors of the paper who were born and brought up in Odisha. The information was further verified by the elderly people in the authors’ families. For further information we have also referred to secondary sources such as articles, research papers, blogs and books. We employed the principles of ecocriticism and cultural ecology as our theoretical background. Findings In the paper, we have discovered the connection of Odisha’s deep rooted cultural traditions with nature. Whether it is Panchuka (five days of abstenance from non-vegetarian food during Kartika Purnima) during Kartika Purnima, Baula Puja (worshipping of the first mango blossoms of the season) during Bakula Amavasya or Balunka (idol made out of mud) during Raja Parba, these traditions help in protecting the environment and natural resources. The research underlines the prime principles of both the theories of ecocriticism and cultural ecology which emphasize on the interconnectedness of humans and their natural surroundings. The rituals and traditions do not merely showcase the cultural identity of the state but it also gives rise to ecological awareness and sustainability for the long run. The research helps highlight the connection between humans, nature and culture. Conclusion This research paves the way towards environmental stewardship and sustenance with the help of day- to- day festivities in most households in Odisha. The significance of this paper lies in the fact that even though the selected traditions and rituals have separate celebrations, they work towards a common goal of sustainability.