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Waxes
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AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Introduction1.1.History of Waxes and Their Applications1.2.Definition1.3.Classification1.4.Properties and Uses1.5.World Market Volume for Waxes1.6.International Wax Organizations2.Recent Natural Waxes2.1.Introduction2.2.Vegetable Waxes2.2.1.Carnaúba Wax2.2.2.Candelilla Wax2.2.3.Ouricury Wax2.2.4.Sugarcane Wax2.2.5.Retamo Wax2.2.6.Jojoba Oil2.2.7.Other Vegetable Waxes2.3.Animal Waxes2.3.1.Beeswax2.3.2.Other Insect Waxes2.3.3.Wool Wax3.Montan Wax3.1.Formation and Occurrence3.2.Extraction3.3.Properties and Composition3.4.Refining and Derivatization3.4.1.Deresinification3.4.2.Bleaching3.4.3.Derivatization3.5.Uses and Economic Aspects4.Petroleum Waxes4.1.Introduction4.2.Macrocrystalline Waxes (Paraffin Waxes)4.2.1.Chemical Composition and General Properties4.2.2.Division into Product Classes4.2.3.Occurrence of Raw Materials and Processing4.2.3.1.Dewaxing Lubricating Oil Distillates4.2.3.2.Deoiling Slack Waxes4.2.3.3.Refining Deoiled Slack Waxes4.2.4.Storage, Transportation, Commercial Forms, and Producers4.2.5.Quality Specifications and Analysis4.2.6.Uses4.3.Microcrystalline Waxes (Microwaxes)4.3.1.Chemical Composition and General Properties4.3.2.Division into Product Classes4.3.3.Occurrence of Raw Materials and Processing4.3.4.Commercial Products and Producers4.3.5.Quality Specifications and Analysis4.3.6.Uses4.4.Legal Aspects4.5.Ecology4.6.Economic Aspects4.7.Candles5.Fischer ‐ Tropsch Paraffins6.Polyolefin Waxes6.1.Production and Properties6.1.1.Polyethylene Waxes by High‐Pressure Polymerization6.1.1.1.Production6.1.1.2.Properties6.1.2.Copolymeric Polyethylene Waxes by High‐Pressure Polymerization6.1.3.Polyolefin Waxes by Ziegler ‐ Natta Polymerization6.1.3.1.Production6.1.3.2.Properties6.1.4.Degradation Polyolefin Waxes6.1.4.1.Production6.1.4.2.Properties6.1.5.Polar Polyolefin Waxes6.2.Uses6.2.1.Nonpolar Polyolefin Waxes6.2.2.Polar Polyolefin Waxes6.3.Economic Importance7.Toxicology
Title: Waxes
Description:
AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.
Introduction1.
1.
History of Waxes and Their Applications1.
2.
Definition1.
3.
Classification1.
4.
Properties and Uses1.
5.
World Market Volume for Waxes1.
6.
International Wax Organizations2.
Recent Natural Waxes2.
1.
Introduction2.
2.
Vegetable Waxes2.
2.
1.
Carnaúba Wax2.
2.
2.
Candelilla Wax2.
2.
3.
Ouricury Wax2.
2.
4.
Sugarcane Wax2.
2.
5.
Retamo Wax2.
2.
6.
Jojoba Oil2.
2.
7.
Other Vegetable Waxes2.
3.
Animal Waxes2.
3.
1.
Beeswax2.
3.
2.
Other Insect Waxes2.
3.
3.
Wool Wax3.
Montan Wax3.
1.
Formation and Occurrence3.
2.
Extraction3.
3.
Properties and Composition3.
4.
Refining and Derivatization3.
4.
1.
Deresinification3.
4.
2.
Bleaching3.
4.
3.
Derivatization3.
5.
Uses and Economic Aspects4.
Petroleum Waxes4.
1.
Introduction4.
2.
Macrocrystalline Waxes (Paraffin Waxes)4.
2.
1.
Chemical Composition and General Properties4.
2.
2.
Division into Product Classes4.
2.
3.
Occurrence of Raw Materials and Processing4.
2.
3.
1.
Dewaxing Lubricating Oil Distillates4.
2.
3.
2.
Deoiling Slack Waxes4.
2.
3.
3.
Refining Deoiled Slack Waxes4.
2.
4.
Storage, Transportation, Commercial Forms, and Producers4.
2.
5.
Quality Specifications and Analysis4.
2.
6.
Uses4.
3.
Microcrystalline Waxes (Microwaxes)4.
3.
1.
Chemical Composition and General Properties4.
3.
2.
Division into Product Classes4.
3.
3.
Occurrence of Raw Materials and Processing4.
3.
4.
Commercial Products and Producers4.
3.
5.
Quality Specifications and Analysis4.
3.
6.
Uses4.
4.
Legal Aspects4.
5.
Ecology4.
6.
Economic Aspects4.
7.
Candles5.
Fischer ‐ Tropsch Paraffins6.
Polyolefin Waxes6.
1.
Production and Properties6.
1.
1.
Polyethylene Waxes by High‐Pressure Polymerization6.
1.
1.
1.
Production6.
1.
1.
2.
Properties6.
1.
2.
Copolymeric Polyethylene Waxes by High‐Pressure Polymerization6.
1.
3.
Polyolefin Waxes by Ziegler ‐ Natta Polymerization6.
1.
3.
1.
Production6.
1.
3.
2.
Properties6.
1.
4.
Degradation Polyolefin Waxes6.
1.
4.
1.
Production6.
1.
4.
2.
Properties6.
1.
5.
Polar Polyolefin Waxes6.
2.
Uses6.
2.
1.
Nonpolar Polyolefin Waxes6.
2.
2.
Polar Polyolefin Waxes6.
3.
Economic Importance7.
Toxicology.
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