SIMULATION OF INTERACTION OF WAVES WITH THE PROTECTIVE DAM OF THE DANUBE – BLACK SEA MARINE CHANNEL

Ensuring uninterrupted navigation on the Danube River and the shortest exit to the Black Sea is a priority direction for the implementation of the seventh international transport corridor, which unites the countries of Europe and Asia. For this purpose, the protection dam of the Marine channel of the Danube-Black Sea deep-sea passage was built, which was partially destroyed by storm waves and ice load. This made it necessary to carry out scientific researches in order to strengthen the operational stability of the dam and ensure its effective use. The paper presents the results of numerical and physical simulation of the interaction of waves with the protective dam of the Marine channel of the Danube-Black Sea and loads on the dam structure. Mathematical simulation was performed using the SWAN refraction and spectral model, as well as the XBeach model. Experimental research was carried out in laboratory conditions in a wave channel. The estimated distribution of the wave field near the dam under storm surge conditions was obtained and the space-time characteristics of wave pressure fluctuations on the streamlined surface of the protective dam model were determined. Integral and spectral characteristics of the pressure fluctuation field were obtained and a multi-stage form of a dam with two berms was proposed, which significantly reduced the wave load and was resistant to storm waves. The berms performed the functions of underwater breakwaters and significantly reduced the energy of the wave impact on the upper part of the dam. The optimal shape of the dam and the geometric parameters of its frontal surface were determined. It is proposed to build the seaward part of the protective dam under natural conditions with the following parameters: a lower deep-water slope with a slope of 1 : 1,5, then at a depth of 4 m a lower berm with a width of 10 m. Then make a slope with a slope of 1 : 5, and then at a depth of 2 m to install an upper berm with a width of 10 m. It is recommended to finish the protective dam of the Marine channel of the Danube-Black Sea deep-sea passage with a ridge with a slope of 1 : (3 – 3,5). The facing of the frontal part of the dam should be made of stone overburden with stones of fraction 1,2 m.