Blending of hydrogenated low‐erucic acid rapeseed oil, low‐erucic acid rapeseed oil, and hydrogenated palm oil or palm oil in the preparation of shortenings

AbstractTwo ternary systems of fats were studied. In the first system, low‐erucic acid rapeseed oil (LERO), hydrogenated lowerucic acid rapeseed oil (HLERO), and palm oil (PO) were blended. In the second system, hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) was used instead of PO and was blended with LERO and HLERO. The blends were then studied for their physical properties such as solid fat content (SFC), melting curves by DSC, and polymorphism (X‐ray). HPO showed the highest melting enthalpy after 48 h at 15°C (141±1 J/g), followed by HLERO (131±2 J/g), PO (110±2 J/g), and LERO (65±4 J/g). Binary phase behavior diagrams were constructed from the DSC and X‐ray results. Iso‐line diagrams of partial‐melting enthalpies were constructed from the DSC results, and binary and ternary isosolid diagrams were constructed from the NMR results. The isosolid diagrams demonstrated formation of a eutectic along the binary blend of PO/HLERO. However, no eutectic effect was observed along the binary lines of HPO/HLERO, PO/LERO, HPO/LERO, or HLERO/LERO. The same results were found with the iso‐line diagrams of partial‐melting enthalpies. As expected, addition of PO or HPO increased polymorphic stability in the β′ form of the HLERO/LERO mixture.