62. Effect of Dietary Pattern on the Incidence of Hypertension in Geriatric at Cawang, East Jakarta

Background: Geriatrics is the high-risk population to develop hypertension due to their physiology changes. One of the hypertension risk factors in the geriatric population is dietary habits. Poor dietary habits, such as frequent intake of high calories, low-fiber, high-sodium, and low-potassium food can develop hypertension in the geriatric population. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension in geriatric living in Cawang, East Jakarta. Methods: This study is a quantitative cross-sectional study with a random sampling technique and uses the Chi-Square method to analyze the correlation between dietary patterns and blood pressure in the elderly. Blood pressure data were obtained using a manual sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure and the dietary pattern was evaluated by using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Hypertension criteria in this study were based on JNC VIII. Results: There are 65 elderly in Cawang selected by random sampling technique to be in this study. The amount of hypertension cases accounts for 78.5 percent of all subjects. The elderly with frequent and high sodium intake was identified to be 38 people (58.5%), high fat intake was identified in 36 people (55.4%), and low potassium intake was identified in 36 people (55.4%). The correlation between dietary sodium intake and hypertension is significantly shown by the p-value result (p = 0,000), between fat intake and hypertension (p = 0.023), and between potassium intake and hypertension (p = 0.004). Conclusion: This study shows there is a significant correlation between dietary patterns and hypertension among geriatrics.