Ghrelin, resistin and insulin in obese diabetic women in Wad-Madani, Sudan

Background: Obesity in the Sudan is increasing at alarming rate with the tendency of reaching an epidemic proportion in women. It is commonly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Some adipokine hormones such as resistin are associated with obesity. Objectives:. To study how the levels of resistin, ghrelin and insulin are associated with obesity,fat distribution and (T2D) and to ascertain any interrelationships between them. Subjects and methods: 150 women, age ≥18 years old, resident in Wad-Madani town, Sudan were participated in the study. They were divided into 3 groups according to body mass index ( BMI) value: I (normal weight), II (overweight) and III (obese diabetic). Fasting serum resistin and ghrelin concentrations were measured using ELISA method. Insulin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Results: The mean±SD levels of resistin 5.80±4.91ng/mL,Ghrelin107.60±26.67pg/M and Insulin 11.92±8.54mLU/ml in obese diabetic were found to be greater than in normal or overweight women.In normal weight values were 3.07±2.15 ng/ mL 83.30±13.38pg/mL, and 6.62±6.77mLU/ml for resistini, ghrelin and Insulin, respectively. Values for overweight women 3.64±2.63 pg/mL 90±17.35 pg/mL and 8.13±7.54 mLU/ml for resistin, ghrelin and insulin respectively. Conclusions and recommendations: Increased BMI, waist circumference (WC) and hormones (ghrelin and resistin) were associated with insulin resistance.Further studies are needed to accept or refute these findings. Keywords: Obesity; BMI; WC; T2D; ghrelin; resistin; insulin resistence (IR).