Stability in Herat and Khurasan

Chapter 4 (years 677/1278 to 729/1329). Fakhr al-Dīn Kart, a successor to Shams al-Dīn, was a willful man who precipitated sieges of Herat, and earned the enmity of Öljeitü, who as Il-Khan, “devoted much time to fighting with the Kart dynasty of Herat.” Rebuilding of Herat commenced during this turbulent period. Fakhr al-Dīn Kart’s brother, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Kart replaced him as Herat’s ruler. He had to contend for years with Öljeitü’s distrust of Kartids; machinations by Ilkhanid amirs against the Kartids and Öljeitü; and migrations from Transoxiana and Chaghataid raids in Khurasan. But with this extended conflict behind him, and Il-Khan Öljeitü dead, Öljeitü’s successor, Abū Saʿīd, and his regent, Amir Chupan, ruled from in Tabriz (western Iran). Ghiyāth al-Dīn’s last decade in office was one of the best for Heratis. Included is Table 4.1, “Chaghataid-Ilkhanid Struggles for Supremacy in Khurasan: Key Events, 706/1306 to 720/1320.”