Prevalence and Risk Factors to Premature Rupture Membrane through a Study in Jiblah University Hospital, ibb, Governorate, Yemen

Background: Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM), previously known as premature rupture of membranes, PROM occurs when the leakage of amniotic fluid occurs at least one hour before the initiation of labor. The fetal membranes normally rupture spontaneously during labor probably due to the physical effects of repetitive uterine contraction. Objectives: As no studies have previously been conducted about PROM in Jiblah University Hospital in Ibb governorate, Yemen, we hereby aimed to present first report on prevalence and risks factors contributing and causes of PROM. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Jiblah University Hospital in Ibb governorate, from December 2023 to Feb 2024. Data were retrieved from the antenatal ward admission register, case files, theatre records, and neonatal care unit records and reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe data. Chi-square test with a significance level set at p < 0.05 Results: A total of 1350 women of reproductive age between 15 to 56 years were included in the study. With mean (±SD) age of the respondents was 27.5(±6.3) years. At the individual level, 627 (46.4%) of the respondents were 15 – 25 years old. At the household/community- level with 1063 (78.70% ) of the study respondents resided in rural. About 640(47.40%) having more than 3 of family number. Nearly 1075 (79.60%) of them are literate. About 1234(91.40%) had normal blood pressure. Regarding cigarette smoking, 138 (10.20%) smokers and 1212 (89.80%) were non- smokers. Nine hundred and thirty- three (69.10%) of the khat chewing had a history of khat chewing during this pregnancy and 417 (30.90%) of the non-khat chewing. Eight hundred and seventy-two (64.59%) of the urinary tract infection during this pregnancy. On the other hand, all the individual and household/community factors were significantly associated with PROM are family number, vaginitis, urinary tract infection, duration of PROM, abortion where the chi squire test p-value was<0.05. Conclusion: In this study, a family number, vaginitis, urinary tract infection, duration of PROM, abortion are the risk factors for PROM. Recognizing the most common risk factors for PROM will help to increase the awareness about high-risk pregnancy, improve the preventive measures of preterm risk factors and modify preterm care protocol in nurseries.