Artificial intelligence and its application in eye care: perspective of Ghanaian optometrists

This study assessed the perceptions of Ghanaian optometrists regarding artificial intelligence (AI) and its integration into eye care practice. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and May 2025 among registered optometrists of the Ghana Optometric Association. Data were collected using a pretested, structured questionnaire designed to obtain information on participants’ demographic characteristics and their perceptions of AI in eye care. Optometrists’ attitudes toward AI, perceived benefits, and factors influencing successful AI implementation were measured using a five-point Likert scale. A total of 180 gave a valid response, with 50.4% aware of AI applications in eye care. Respondents&apos; attitudes toward AI were positive (mean score [MS] = 3.76/5.00) and perceived AI as having a positive impact on eye care delivery (MS = 4.08). Perceived benefits included support for clinical tasks, improved diagnostic accuracy, and expanded access to eye care in underserved areas. Attitude and perceived impact of AI were significantly associated with years of practice, education, and gender (p < 0.05). Willingness to adopt AI was also significantly associated with gender (p = 0.014), education (p < 0.001), practice setting (p = 0.003), and prior knowledge of AI (p < 0.001). Key perceived barriers included limited availability of AI-powered devices, insufficient knowledge of AI technologies, resistance to change among professionals, and cybersecurity concerns. These findings indicate that Ghanaian optometrists showed strong willingness and a positive attitude toward AI adoption. Collaborative efforts are needed to create supportive policies, provide training, and ensure ethical AI integration to enhance eye care delivery.