Economic Glory of the Early Islamic Dynasties in Sicily, Italy

This study further examines the economic growth in Sicily in Islamic civilization the factors that influence the increase in economic mutuality and the development of the economic system at that time. This study focuses on one of the regions in Europe that were successfully conquered by Muslims, namely Sicily. The results of the study found that the progress of growth in various sectors of Islamic civilization seen in Sicily was very significant, one of which was in the economic sector. The trade carried out by the Sicilian people also experienced a rapid increase. Such as the industrial economy which was built through mining and agriculture of the Sicilian population, making good use of existing natural resources. They grow a lot of secondary crops, olives, grapes, bananas, oranges, lemons, peaches, almonds, pomegranates, and grapes. The presence of a money exchange market is a complex matter of needs, providing a mechanism and medium of exchange. Sicily had a bimetallic economy: that is, one based on the circulation of silver and gold. Some taxes are applied to Muslim governments, namely tenth taxes, customs duties, zakat, and charity (sadaqah). The evidence obtained during the Islamic era in Sicily contained a fifth tax (khums), a tax on agricultural produce, a tax on wine, a voting tax (al-jawal), and a sea tax. In rural areas, there is a green revolution to boost the agricultural economy.