Statistical Analysis of Interplanetary Parameters in Geomagnetic Storm Activity during Solar Cycle 24

Abstract The major disturbances in the magnetic field of Earth due to the disruptions in the interplanetary space are known as geomagnetic storms. The presence of mass ejections by the corona in the interplanetary region (ICME) and interplanetary shock (IP shock) plays a significant role in producing disturbances in geomagnetic activity. IP shocks are the predecessors of geomagnetic storms. The magnetic field of interplanetary space and parameters of solar wind increase sharply at the IP shock. Relation of interplanetary parameters linked with geomagnetic disturbances in the 24th cycle of solar activity (2009–2016) were examined. 19 major (− 300 < Dst ≤ − 100 nT) geomagnetic storms are observed during the cycle and they are classified based on the intensities of Dst minima. Geomagnetic activity of solar cycle 24 is found to be low. Peak solar wind speeds at main phase of intense and great geomagnetic storms are found to be in the range 398–775 km/s. Maximum number of storms occurred closest to maximum (2012–2014) of solar cycle. Great storms are identified during the phases of declining time of solar cycle 24 (2015).