Textile Wastewater and Treatment Technologies: A Review

Textile industry is one of the most common and essential sectors in the world and it is responsible for one of the major environmental pollution problems in the world because it releases undesirable dye effluents. Textile wastewater contains dyes mixed with various contaminants at a variety of ranges. The toxic and carcinogenic effect of untreated textile effluent is well understood. The decolorization and detoxification of industrial dye effluents is most important aspect and is major concern to meet environmental regulations. This paper presents a review of literature on characteristics, composition of textile wastewater and conventional treatment methodologies for textile wastewater with their advantages and disadvantages. Over the years, researchers have developed several bioremediation technologies to treat textile effluents but little effort has been made to put the entire literature review of these technologies in one refereed paper, this review paper is an attempt to compile the existing information on various treatment technologies of textile effluent.