Comparison of optical coherence tomography in patients with Wilson's disease of different types

Abstract Background: Previous studies have found that changes in Macular and Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with Neurological forms of Wilson's disease (NWD) are related to clinical symptoms. It is unclear whether this change is similar in other WD patients. Objective: To study the parameters of the macular center of the inner retina and RNFL thickness in OCT of WD patients with different disease types. Methods: We recruit 30 patients with NWD and 30 patients with Hepatic Forms Wilson 'sdisease (HWD), respectively, to score the nerve function and liver function of the NWD and HWD patients according to the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS). Healthy volunteers in the same period were included AS the standard control group. Anterior segment coherent optical tomography (OCT) was used to scan the macular subfoveal retina and RNFL thickness of all tested eyes, and the differences and changes of macular and RNFL parameters in WD patients with different disease types were analyzed. Results: The macular and RNFL thickness of the NWD groups were significantly lower than those of the HWD and the standard control groups. The macular and RNFL thickness of the NWD group was negatively correlated with the nervous system score. In contrast, the macular and RNFL thickness of the HWD group had no significant difference from the healthy group. Conclusion: There are significant differences between macular and RNFL in NWD patients and HWD patients. There was a negative correlation between the change of inner retinal thickness and nerve function defect in NWD patients and no correlation between retinal thickness and clinical symptoms in HWD patients.