Effects of grain size and temperature, on the output voltage generation of Energy harvester using ZnO nanowires (oxidized with O2).

Abstract Here, we report high output voltage generation via oxidized ZnO nanowires. A thorough study has been carried out to observe the behavior of ZnO nanowires under reduced grain size and high temperature conditions. Study has revealed that piezoelectric output voltage generated by ZnO based VING (vertically integrated nanowire generator) has been gradually increased, as the diameter of nanowires is decreased. Secondly, it has also been observed that maximum peak voltage has been further enhanced, if nanowires are oxidized at high temperature. ZnO nanowires ̴ 200 nm have produced maximum peak voltage 2.283 V at room temperature and if oxidized at 200o C then output voltage has been further raised to 2.638 V Having output power density 365.7 mW/cm2, similarly ̴ 100 nm ZnO nanowires have produced maximum voltage of 2.598 V At room temperature and at 200o C the value is elevated to 2.835 V and ̴ 50 nm ZnO nanowires have generated 3.38 V at room temperature and when oxidized at 200o C voltage has been raised to 3.465 V with power density of 511.3 mW/cm2. The values have been significantly improved by our earlier reported values.