Anaesthesiologists’ perspectives of the need for nurse anaesthetists in South Africa

Background: South Africa faces a significant shortage of anaesthesiologists, compromising healthcare access and increasing anaesthesia-related risks. Addressing this issue requires sustainable, locally relevant solutions aligned with global surgery initiatives to enhance surgical care access. Objectives: This study explores anaesthesiologists’ perspectives on the necessity of nurse anaesthetists in South Africa and offers recommendations for developing their practice. Method: A qualitative, descriptive, and contextual design was employed, using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The population consisted of anaesthesiologists registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted face-to-face and online. Analysis followed Colaizzi’s seven-step method, supported by an independent coder. Results: Findings revealed diverse perspectives, ranging from support for independent, well-trained nurse anaesthetists under supervision or as assistants, to complete opposition to nurse anaesthetists administering anaesthesia. Participants emphasised that the anaesthesiology specialist community should define nurse anaesthetists’ scope of practice, which must be regulated. Training should align with diplomate anaesthetists’ standards and involve anaesthesiologists supported by nursing educators. Conclusion: This pioneering research addresses a critical gap in South Africa’s healthcare system by exploring the introduction of nurse anaesthetists to mitigate the shortage of anaesthesia providers. Contribution: Its findings hold the potential to inform policy and practice, contributing to the advancement of anaesthesia services and addressing a pressing healthcare need in South Africa.