Electrocochleography Evaluation in the Diagnosis of Meniere's Disease

Abstract Meniere's disease is a heterogeneous disease of the audiovestibular system, etiologically caused by endolymphatic hydrops, accompanied by both vestibular and auditory symptoms. Various evaluation methods can be used in the diagnosis of the disease. Some of these are; Pure tone audiometry, otoacoustic emissions, Electrocochleography (EcochG), vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and magnetic resonance imaging. Electrocochleography is a testing method that allows the assessment of cochlear electrical potentials. The primary condition diagnosed by ECochG and available for neuromonitoring intraoperatively is Meniere's disease. In Meniere's disease, the magnitude of the summation potential (SP) increases with the impairment of the transduction process, while the action potential (AP) will remain relatively constant. This condition causes an increased SP/AP ratio and is pathophysiologically associated with endolymphatic hydrops. The aim of our study is to investigate the role and worth of EcochG in the clinical diagnosis of Meniere's disease according to the studies conducted in the current literature. Pubmed and Web of Science database was used for our review study. The search words used to examine the studies in between 2014-2024 were determined as ''ECochG, Meniere's disease''. In this context, a total of 126 studies were reached. 9 research articles and 4 systematic reviews were included, including the role of Electrocochleography in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease and its evaluation results. It is thought that the EcochG test method alone will not be sufficient in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease and that examining it together with other evaluation methods will guide clinicians to a more accurate and reliable diagnosis.