Cybersecurity Solutions for Industrial Internet of Things-Edge Computing Integration: Challenges, Threats, and Future Directions

The integration of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) with edge computing has revolutionized industrial sectors by enabling real-time data processing, improved automation, and enhanced operational efficiency. However, this convergence introduces a complex cybersecurity landscape due to the increased attack surfaces and vulnerabilities at the device, network, and edge layers. This review explores the cybersecurity challenges and threats associated with the integration of IIoT and edge computing, focusing on the unique vulnerabilities of these systems, including device-level attacks, data breaches, and threats targeting the edge infrastructure. We examine current cybersecurity solutions tailored for IIoT edge environments, such as authentication protocols, encryption mechanisms, intrusion detection systems, and secure firmware management. Additionally, we highlight the key challenges in securing such systems, including the heterogeneity of devices, resource constraints, and the lack of standardized security frameworks. The paper also discusses emerging trends in cybersecurity for IIoT and edge computing, such as the application of artificial intelligence for threat detection, the role of blockchain for decentralized trust, and the adoption of zero trust architectures. Finally, we outline future directions for research and development in this field, emphasizing the need for scalable, lightweight, and resilient security frameworks that can evolve with the growing complexity of IIoT–edge systems.