The current relevance of vaccination for covid-19, influenza, poliomyelitis, measles and smallpox

Objective: The study’s main purpose was to determine the significance and impact of COVID-19, Poliomyelitis, Influenza, Measles, and Smallpox vaccination in contemporary times. Methods: An integrative literature review was performed using a 5-year longitudinal approach (2017-2022) in the following databases: Google Scholar, CAPES Periodicals, MEDLINE from the Virtual Health Library, PUBMED, Scielo, and LILACS. The search was conducted using the following descriptors: Vaccination/Prevention/COVID-19/Poliomyelitis/Influenza/Measles/Smallpox/ Vaccination Coverage/ Epidemiology. Results: 12 articles were selected for this review. Upon analyzing the chosen articles, it is apparent that comprehending the historical context surrounding the emergence of COVID-19, Poliomyelitis, Influenza, Measles, and Smallpox is of paramount importance. Moreover, having knowledge of the most affected areas, risk groups, and coping strategies is crucial to efficiently organize the implementation of vaccination to safeguard the population from these diseases.Final considerations: The findings of this study have demonstrated the magnitude of vaccination as a mechanism for promoting good health and controlling epidemics during various historical periods. Furthermore, this research aims to emphasize the National Immunization Program's constructive and pertinent function in enhancing the quality of life for the population by preventing diseases through vaccination.