Herbal Formulations in Oral Submucous Fibrosis Treatment – A Narrative Review

ABSTRACT This narrative review provides an overview of the use of herbal formulations in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). OSMF is a potentially malignant disorder characterized by progressive fibrosis of the oral mucosa, resulting in restricted mouth opening and other debilitating symptoms. Conventional treatment options for OSMF are limited, and their effectiveness varies. Herbal formulations have gained attention as alternative and complementary treatment options for OSMF due to their perceived natural origin, minimal side effects, and potential therapeutic effects. These formulations typically consist of plant-derived ingredients with bioactive compounds that possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic, and immunomodulatory properties. Various herbal ingredients, such as Aloe vera, curcumin, licorice, honey, and triphala, have been investigated for their potential efficacy in OSMF treatment. These ingredients have shown promise in targeting the underlying mechanisms involved in OSMF pathogenesis, including inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. Herbal formulations offer potential advantages in OSMF treatment. They may provide a holistic approach by addressing multiple aspects of the disease and promoting overall oral health. Herbal formulations also have the advantage of cultural acceptability and cost-effectiveness. To further advance our understanding of herbal formulations in OSMF treatment, well-designed clinical trials with standardized protocols and larger sample sizes are needed. In addition, the development of evidence-based guidelines for the use of herbal formulations in OSMF would aid health-care professionals in making informed treatment decisions. Herbal formulations have shown promise as potential treatment options for OSMF. While their efficacy and safety need further investigation, they offer a natural and holistic approach to OSMF management. Collaboration between researchers, clinicians, and regulatory bodies is essential to advance the research and ensure the safe and effective use of herbal formulations in OSMF treatment.