Importance of Proteomics in Bioremediation

Abstract: Bioremediation can be used to help clean up contaminated regions today since environmental contamination is a major issue. The use of microbial mediated bioremediation offers a lot of potential for effectively restoring a polluted environment, but a lack of detail about the parameters that determine whether certain microbial communities can grow and reproduce in a polluted environment makes this kind of bioremediation challenging. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and interactomics are flourishing fields that hold great potential for addressing long-standing issues about the molecular mechanisms that drive the mineralization pathway. With the aid of microarray technology, transcriptomic approaches have been applied to study the structure and expression of transcripts during mineralisation. However, transcripts cannot generally cause any physiological effect; instead, they must be translated into proteins with significant functions. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) is a powerful tool for identifying these proteins via proteomic techniques. The current advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) and protein microarrays are playing an important role in functional proteomics. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed proteins and a screen for proteins that interact with specific mineralization factors would allow us to gain a better understanding of bioremediation. Keywords: bioremediation, transcriptomics, proteomics, interactomics, microarray