Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Withania coagulans: A review

Herbal flora has been employed to address and heal diverse health-associated predicaments since the antiquated era. Withania coagulans, a member of Solanaceae family, is a noteworthy medicinal herb commonly referred to as Rishyagandha. Predominantly located within the Eastern Mediterranean region, with its range extending as far as South Asia, is where this particular species is primarily observed. Withania coagulans has gained significant popularity in recent decades due to the recognition of its value as a medicinal product. This review offers significant new information on the phytochemistry, ethnomedical applications, and pharmacognostic characteristics of W. coagulans. The application of this substance is employed for the purpose of treating various ailments, such as dyspepsia, diabetes mellitus, hepatic disorders, purification of the bloodstream, as well as the regulation of blood pressure. In addition to the aforementioned benefits, the plant is renowned for its diverse range of pharmacological properties, encompassing hepatoprotective, free radical scavenging, hypolipidemic, antihyperglycemic, cardiovascular, central nervous system depressant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound healing, and various other effects. Withania coagulans is chemically saturated with a special class of triterpenes called withanolides. Several formulations that are given for a wide range of disorders contain withanolides (steroidal lactones). The objective of this present article is to furnish a thorough exposition of the morphology of the plant, its ethnomedicinal applications, chemical constitution, and pharmacological traits.