Predictors of Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North West Ethiopia: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hyperglycemia for a long period of time are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Studying the predictors of glycemic control help to minimize deaths and the development of acute and chronic diabetes complication. Hence, the aim of this study is to asses’ predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes in Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted among Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients enrolled between December 2011 and December 2012 at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital. A total of 191 T2DM patients was included in the study who meets the eligibility criteria. Generalized linear mixed model was employed. Results The prevalence of good glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was 58.4% where as 23.25% of variation was explained in the fitted model due to adding the random effects. The significance predictors of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes at 95% confidence level were reside in rural(0.454, 0.614)), patients age 38–50, 51–59 and 60–66 years(1.267,1.776), (1.057,1.476) and (1.004, 1.403), respectively, Proteinuria positive(1.211,1.546), diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 (1.101, 1.522), systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 (1.352, 1.895), creatinine (0.415, 0.660), duration per visit (0.913, 0.987), duration since diagnosis (0.985, 0.998), weight 78–88(0.603, 0.881). Conclusion Level of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients was poor. Resident, age, weight, duration of T2DM since diagnosis, duration of type 2 DM per visit, follow up time, protein urea, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and creatinine were significant predictors of glycemic control among type 2 DM patients. During diabetic patients follow up, clinicians should give appropriate attention to these significant variables for good glycemic control since it is the main goal of diabetes management.