Development of nanosized catalysts for processing synthesis gas to methanol

Conversion of carbon dioxide into chemical waste-free feedstock (carbonates, cyclocarbonates, synthesis gas) requires the use of a two-stage reaction (conversion of carbon monoxide under pressure, followed by purification of the converted gas from carbon dioxide with hot potash or monoethanolamine and removal of residual carbon oxides by catalytic hydrogenation) of the reaction. The main problem with this transformation is that, for energetic reasons, these reactions are difficult to coordinate with each other. To ensure the compatibility of the processes from a thermodynamic point of view, appropriate nanocatalysts are needed to obtain a useful product in the course of the reactions. The authors carried out field tests of various catalysts, discovered the compatibility of the reaction with two catalysts with the required properties: a copper compound for the first stage of the reaction and a compound of zinc oxide for the second stage, and also demonstrated the feasibility of this reaction using phenylethylene contained in a hydrocarbon compound. The numerous processes that can be used to produce methanol can be divided into three categories: indirect, direct, and biofuel. Indirect conversion is widespread throughout the world. This conversion takes place in a process in which biomass, coal or natural gas is converted to a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide known as synthesis gas. The syngas is converted to methanol using a variety of conversion methods. Research on the development and improvement of nanocatalysts for the chemical processing of carbon dioxide into methanol has been carried out. An algorithm has been developed for modeling the composition, structure, and properties of nanocatalysts, and a number of new compounds have been synthesized that are capable of retaining cations with different oxidation states and sizes in the crystal lattice. Work has been carried out to improve nanocatalysts based on nickel for deep methanol hydrotreating.