A Comprehensive Analysis of Export Performance and Trade Competitiveness of Millets from India

The present study examines the trade performance, competitiveness and trade directions of millets. Indian millet market shedding light on their role in fostering a resilient and sustainable food system, aligning with global agendas for a healthier and more sustainable future. The secondary data collected from the ITC Trade Map, focusing on global and Indian millet exports and imports performance, the data spanning from 2013 to 2021. The analytical tools like Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Markov Chain analysis, and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) are employed. Ukraine, India, and Russia are major millet exporters, while Indonesia, Belgium, and Germany are significant importers in the world. The UAE, Nepal and Saudi Arabia are prominent destinations for Indian millet exports. The RCA index analysis revealed that Ukraine has the highest average RCA index value for millet exports, followed by India. The trade direction stability, with Nepal being the most stable importer. The HHI for global millet exports is 0.141, indicating moderate concentration while global millet imports, the HHI is 0.277, signifying high concentration. In the case of Indian millet exports, the HHI is 0.17, representing moderate concentration. Efforts should be made to boost the exports of millets from India, tapping into the potential of diverse markets and reducing dependence on a limited number of countries.