Dynamics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations from Bohicon in Sudano-guinean area of Benin, West Africa

The current study was aimed to investigate the dynamics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato populations from Bohicon in Sudano-guinean area of Benin, West Africa. Larvae and pupae of Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations were collected from the breeding sites in Zou department in 2015 and 2020. WHO susceptibility tests were conducted on unfed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days old. WHO bioassays were performed with impregnated papers of permethrin (0.75%) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4%). An. gambiae mosquitoes were identified to species using PCR techniques in 2015. Molecular assays were also carried out to identify kdr mutations in individual mosquitoes. An. Gambiae s.l. populations from Bohicon were resistant to permethrin and DDT in 2015 and still remained resistant to these products in 2020. There is cross-resistance to both insecticides. PCR revealed 100% of mosquitoes tested were Anopheles gambiae s.s. The L1014F kdr mutation was found in An. Gambiae s.s. Bohicon at high allelic frequency.