Mutation in the Rifampicin Resistance Region in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Guinea

Introduction: In recent years, strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin have become frequently encountered in Guinea. This fact is regularly notified since the installation of GeneXpert automatons in hospital structures in Conakry and in the capital of the administrative regions as well as the various prefectures of Guinea. Objective: The aim of this present study was to determine the rifampicin resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains at the Pneumophtisiology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital of Conakry. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and analytical study lasting 22 months from January 2017 to June 2018 then from April to July 2019 on the files of patients received at the National Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria of the Ignace Deen National Hospital of Conakry for examinations of samples on the GeneXpert. Results: In 325 cases of rifampicin resistance, we found mutations associated with region E (42.15%), region D (35.38%), region B (15.08%), region A (1.53%) and that of C (0.92%). We also observed multiple mutations A-B (0.92%), A-D (3.69%), D-E (0.30%). Conclusion: The proportion of E probes was the highest followed by D probes then B probes (512-518). We encountered multiple mutations, like A-B, A-D, D-E.