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Formation of new lymphatic vessels in glioma: An immunohistochemical analysis
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We investigated the distribution and formation of new lymphatic vessels in gliomas. Specimens from seven glioma cases were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for CD34, lymphatic endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 (LYVE‐1), prospero‐related homeobox 1 (Prox1), nestin, and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α). Three types of vessels were observed in glioma specimens: LYVE‐1+ lymphatic vessels, CD34+ blood vessels, and LYVE‐1+/CD34+ blood vessels. Prox1+/LYVE‐1+ cells were distributed in some lymphatic vessels as well as among vascular endothelial cells and glioma cells. Nestin+ cells were scattered throughout the gliomas, and some lymphatic cells also expressed nestin. HIF‐1α+ Prox1+ cells were widely distributed within the glioma specimens. The present immunohistochemical analysis revealed upregulation of Prox1 and HIF‐1α in some glioma tissues as well as the differentiation of nestin+ tumor stem cells into LYVE‐1+ lymphatic vessels.
Title: Formation of new lymphatic vessels in glioma: An immunohistochemical analysis
Description:
We investigated the distribution and formation of new lymphatic vessels in gliomas.
Specimens from seven glioma cases were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for CD34, lymphatic endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 (LYVE‐1), prospero‐related homeobox 1 (Prox1), nestin, and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α).
Three types of vessels were observed in glioma specimens: LYVE‐1+ lymphatic vessels, CD34+ blood vessels, and LYVE‐1+/CD34+ blood vessels.
Prox1+/LYVE‐1+ cells were distributed in some lymphatic vessels as well as among vascular endothelial cells and glioma cells.
Nestin+ cells were scattered throughout the gliomas, and some lymphatic cells also expressed nestin.
HIF‐1α+ Prox1+ cells were widely distributed within the glioma specimens.
The present immunohistochemical analysis revealed upregulation of Prox1 and HIF‐1α in some glioma tissues as well as the differentiation of nestin+ tumor stem cells into LYVE‐1+ lymphatic vessels.
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