Dictionnaire des châteaux et des fortifications du Moyen Age en France

Am 5. Oktober 2013 feierte der französische Philosoph Denis Diderot (1713–1784) seinen 300. Geburtstag. Der Aufklärer wurde als Gründer und neben d‘Alembert Mit...

England's capture of Canada in 1760 was the culmination of the French and Indian War and of a century and a half of conflict between Britain and France for control of the North Ame...

There had been medieval specialist builders of fortifications, but in Renaissance Italy virtuoso military engineers were a response to the need to create new artillery-resistant fo...

Designed to dominate the surrounding area, to house powerful garrisons, offer sumptuous quarters for local nobility, and to discourage and repel enemy attacks, castles dominated En...

This chapter discusses wartime spending and the rise of the fiscal-military state. The need to borrow was intimately related to the cost of war. After 1500, a “military revolution”...