Effect of sleep in the third trimester of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and infant outcomes

Abstract Background Sleep is a controllable way of daily life, which has a non-negligible impact on the pathogenesis and prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods The study recruited pregnant females who were diagnosed with GDM by OGTT and underwent MNT until delivery. We collected the basic information of the pregnant females and recorded the maternal and infant outcomes; the PSQI questionnaire was completed within 3 days after delivery according to the sleep condition in the month before delivery. Results PSQI questionnaire was found 217 pregnant females with GDM had PSQI ≤ 5 and 331 pregnant females with GDM had PSQI > 5. The scores of pregnant females with PSQI > 5 were greater than those of pregnant females with PSQI ≤ 5 in different dimensions, and pregnant females had the most pronounced time to sleep. GDM pregnant females with PSQI >5 had higher rates of cesarean section, incidence of obstructed labor/cephalopelvic disproportion, higher rates of assisted delivery, and higher levels of intrapartum hemorrhage than GDM pregnant females with PSQI ≤5. PSQI >5 and poor subjective sleep quality had an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes; very poor subjective sleep quality had the highest risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion PSQI >5 and poor subjective sleep quality have an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pregnant females with very poor self-perceived sleep quality have the highest risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.