Efficacy and Safety of Adding Low-Dose Isotretinoin to Itraconazole in the Treatment of Chronic Recurrent Dermatophytosis among Sample of Iraqi Patients

Background: An increasing number of dermatophytosis is seen now in daily clinical practice, with unusual presentations, running a chronic recurrent course and seems to be more resistant to systemic and topical conventional treatments, which necessitate the use of other treatment options that help to cure these challenging clinical conditions such as isotretinoin along with itraconazole. Objectives and Aim: This is a prospective randomised open-label therapeutic comparative clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose isotretinoin along with itraconazole to treat and reduce the recurrence of this distressing chronic recurrent dermatophytosis. Methods: Eighty-one patients with chronic recurrent dermatophytosis with positive mycological examination were recruited, all of them received itraconazole for 7 days per month for 2 consecutive months duration; half of them were randomly chosen to receive low-dose isotretinoin every other day for 2 months in addition to itraconazole. All patients were followed up at monthly intervals for 6 months. Results: The patients who received isotretinoin along with itraconazole showed earlier and complete clearance in 97.5% with a significantly low recurrence rate (12.8%) in comparison with those who received itraconazole alone where the cure rate was relatively slower reported in 53.7% of the patients with a relapse rate of 68.1% with no significant side effects. Conclusion: Low-dose isotretinoin with itraconazole seems to be safe, effective and promising choice in the treatment of chronic recurrent dermatophytosis as it induced earlier complete cure with a significant reduction of recurrence rate.