Lemierre’s syndrome complicating deep neck abscess: a case report

Abstract Background Lemierre’s Syndrome is a severe medical condition that can result from oropharyngeal infection, typically caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum, leading to sepsis, internal jugular vein thrombosis, and metastatic septic emboli. However, there is limited literature on this syndrome caused by Streptococcus anginosus, and few previous cases have been reported to have deep neck space infection. We present the first case of Lemierre’s Syndrome caused by Streptococcus anginosus with deep neck abscess. Case presentation A 53-year-old male patient with no significant medical history presented with right neck pain after accidentally swallowing a fish bone one month ago. Laryngoscopy did not reveal any abnormalities. Five days prior to admission, the patient developed high fever. Imaging studies showed internal jugular vein thrombosis and a neck abscess surrounding the carotid artery sheath. Blood culture results were positive for Streptococcus anginosus infection, and the patient was diagnosed with Lemierre’s syndrome. The patient underwent surgical drainage and received antibiotics and anticoagulant therapy, and had satisfactory clinical progress. He was discharged after a 16-day hospitalization. Conclusions Although Lemierre’s syndrome is rare, it needs attention because it can lead to serious complications and requires timely treatment. Deep neck space infections can be life-threatening and doctors must be aware of its potential severity.