Cell-Biological Analysis of Atopic Cataractous Lenses

The number of people suffering from atopic dermatitis, a recent social problem believed to have arisen from environmental pollution and changes, continues to increase today, and these patients often encounter complications such as cataract and retinal detachment. In this study, I have conducted (1) a comparative study on the rate of cell proliferation between lens epithelial cells (LECs) obtained from 7 atopic cataractous lenses and from 1 normal lens, (2) a comparative study on cell density and alignment between LECs obtained from 5 nonatopic cataractous lenses and from 5 atopic cataractous lenses and (3) transmission electron microscopy of LECs obtained from 3 atopic cataractous lenses. My findings were as follows: (1) except for 1 case disclosing increased proliferative activity of the cells to become multilayered, LECs of atopic cataractous lenses showed diminished proliferative activity; (2) LECs of atopic cataractous lenses had decreased in cell density and revealed irregular cell alignment; (3) transmission electron microscopy of LECs of atopic cataractous lenses demonstrated multilayered cells, increased intercellular spaces, and degeneration and disappearance of some cells. A longer follow-up period and further studies using cells from additional atopic cataractous lenses are necessary before any conclusions can be drawn. However, obtaining human LECs especially of atopic cataract patients is not easy, and I do feel that my present study, although its number of patients may not be large enough, provides significant findings for further studies on the mechanism of atopic cataract formation.